Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Real-Time Localization of Moving Dipole Sources for Tracking Multiple Free-Swimming Weakly Electric Fish

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066596

Figure Lengend Snippet: A ) Our experimental setup. Electrodes were attached on the tank wall, and concurrent video recordings were made under infrared illumination. B ) Received signal intensity (RSI) measurement. The original waveforms (green) were rectified then summed from all channels (blue). Signal envelope (red curve) was extracted using an RMS filter, and a pulse timing reference (thick grey) was determined at the peak. An instantaneous slope of the original waveform was measured at 250 µsec before the reference timing (red line). C ) Ideal dipole voltage ( V dip ) approximation of an electric fish in two dimensions. D ) Lookup table search using a dot-product to find the best matching vector.

Article Snippet: The electric organ discharge (EOD) signals were recorded from eight or sixteen vertical graphite electrodes attached on the aquarium wall, and the graphite rods (6 in. long, Mars carbon 2-mm type HB; Staedtler) were coupled to BNC cables (RG54) via heat shrinks.

Techniques: Plasmid Preparation

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Real-Time Localization of Moving Dipole Sources for Tracking Multiple Free-Swimming Weakly Electric Fish

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066596

Figure Lengend Snippet: A ) The four types of electrode configurations tested in simulations. Filled circles represent positive electrodes and open circles represent negative electrodes for the differential voltage measurements. Electrodes pairs are connected with lines. B ) The position errors plotted as a function of the simulated noise intensity (plotted on a log-log scale). The noise intensities were normalized to the SD of the measurement. C ) The orientation errors plotted as a function of the simulated noise intensity (plotted on a log-log scales).

Article Snippet: The electric organ discharge (EOD) signals were recorded from eight or sixteen vertical graphite electrodes attached on the aquarium wall, and the graphite rods (6 in. long, Mars carbon 2-mm type HB; Staedtler) were coupled to BNC cables (RG54) via heat shrinks.

Techniques:

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Real-Time Localization of Moving Dipole Sources for Tracking Multiple Free-Swimming Weakly Electric Fish

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066596

Figure Lengend Snippet: A ) The circular tank is partitioned by the LUT indices, which are determined by the absolute maximum channels at each dipole location. In this illustration, the orientation of the dipole ( = θ dip ) was set equal to its angular position ( = θ pos ). The electrodes are shown as black (positive) or white (negative) circles, and their fill colors correspond to their channel indices. The channel numbers 1 to 8 correspond to the colors from blue to red as indicated. B ) Cumulative improvements in the search speed after successively applying the optimization techniques ( original : single search step, single : single numerical precision, indexed : LUT indexed by the strongest channel, two-step : two-step search procedure, cached : fine-grid search was cached with n history = 16).

Article Snippet: The electric organ discharge (EOD) signals were recorded from eight or sixteen vertical graphite electrodes attached on the aquarium wall, and the graphite rods (6 in. long, Mars carbon 2-mm type HB; Staedtler) were coupled to BNC cables (RG54) via heat shrinks.

Techniques:

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Multi-heme cytochrome-mediated extracellular electron transfer by the anaerobic methanotroph ‘ Candidatus Methanoperedens nitroreducens’

doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-41847-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Representative anodic current responses of the ‘ Ca . M. nitroreducens’ enrichment culture to different poised potentials when respiring on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) electrodes. b Whole-cell CVs of the electrochemically incubated (at +0.4 V vs SHE) ‘ Ca . M. nitroreducens’ enrichment culture at different incubation times. c The effect of acetyl methionine (AcMet) treatment on whole-cell CVs of the ‘ Ca . M. nitroreducens’ enrichment culture. d Representative anodic current of the ‘ Ca . M. nitroreducens’ enrichment culture with and without AcMet treatment. e Representative resonance Raman spectra of the ‘ Ca . M. nitroreducens’-dominant biofilm acquired at electrochemically manipulated oxidative (blue) and reductive (red) status. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

Article Snippet: M. nitroreducens’ enrichment culture were firstly cultivated on the graphite working electrodes (8 mm × 8 mm × 2 mm) (Graphite Sales Inc., U.S).

Techniques: Incubation